A1Pronouns

German Personal Pronouns

German personal pronouns change based on case (nominative, accusative, dative). Formal 'Sie' is always capitalized.

Key Rules

  • 1Nominative: ich, du, er/sie/es, wir, ihr, sie/Sie
  • 2Accusative: mich, dich, ihn/sie/es, uns, euch, sie/Sie
  • 3Dative: mir, dir, ihm/ihr/ihm, uns, euch, ihnen/Ihnen
  • 4Sie (formal you) = always capitalized
  • 5du (informal you) = for friends, family, children

Examples

Ich liebe dich.

I love you.

💡 'Ich' (nominative, subject) + 'dich' (accusative, direct object).

Sie hilft mir.

She helps me.

💡 'Mir' is dative because 'helfen' requires dative object.

Related Grammar Topics

Cases
German Nominative Case (Nominativ)
A1
Cases
German Accusative Case (Akkusativ)
A1
Cases
German Dative Case (Dativ)
A2

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